Exclusive give away- 5 copies of Dr Yumiko Kadota‘s Emotional Female

Hi all-

I am running an exclusive competition for 5 free copies of Dr Yumiko Kadota‘s best selling new memoir, Emotional Female

To win, in 50 words or less describe how you would change medicine to be more accessible to women and other marginalised groups?

To enter- comment below or send an email to drsarehuman1@gmail.com

Entries close next Monday 12th April.

This competition is exclusive to Doctors Are Human and so, you can share with your friends but ask them to follow this facebook page or the wordpress blog (link in comments) and to show proof! I will be checking

We doctors are human, working within a system that could destroy you. Lessons in self care from a PGY7

Hi all. We are now well into the clinical year and I thought I would share some of my “wizened 32year old” “7years into medical training” wisdom around self care, self respect and setting boundaries, especially since the news cycle has turned away from Miko’s story, with minimal immediate change, and in the wake of several horrific deaths which are sure to affect many of us. Some of you will be wiser than me and won’t need this advice, but when I pitch these blogs I remember by 21year old self starting medical school and my 25year old self as an intern. I also find so much value in the reflections of my colleagues, such as Imaan Joshi and Nikilinit Avtar, and I hope that I, in turn, may be similarly useful for someone else.

Now, I’ve had a tough few weeks. Why? I started a new job (it is an extremely chill job, but a change in routine none the less), I discovered, yet again, that public transport by bus is pretty sucky AND as usual, I zealously over committed myself outside work, a common problem for me since my Mum let me fly from the coop. They were important things and I wouldn’t take any of them back. Yet my body sadly demands 8-9h of sleep per night, whilst I often try to get by on 5-6. Last week, for the first time, I either ate out or had microwave meals all week. By the end of the week, I had constant tension headaches and my brain was not working (no point trying to engage in anything remotely intellectual). Plus, when I am tired I am so, so miserable and cranky. I am often like, “The world is ending. I will never recover. Everything is always terrible. Then 24hrs later, oh wait guys… false alarm. I totally just needed a good sleep.” Clearly, I’d taken it too far, yet again, and my body was crying out for some rest.

I am not complaining. I was mostly doing fun stuff, as opposed to all of the Mikos out there working a run of nights then days with minimal turn around time or on call and sleeping on site followed by the usual day shifts, with much of the labour unpaid. Moreover, I shouldn’t complain if I know I will repeat the process next week quite deliberately. Rather, over time this continuous cycle has made me more aware of my limitations and physical and spiritual needs. Previously I resisted the crash with mental self flagellations: you are not good enough! You must do everything! Stop whinging when Muslims have just been murdered in Christchurch! You did not get up to swim at 5:30am, you are a failure and will get fat! If you hide to recharge your introvert batteries you will be alone forever! Etc etc. Now I have more respect for my body. I listen to it, instead of battling against it. For instance, last week, to my infinite disappointment, I was so tired that I chose to sleep in instead of going to swimming at 5:30am. I felt better for it. I ensure I have a balanced diet, with plenty of vegetables and protein and let myself have the occasional treat, whilst keeping the inner body dysmorphic voice from making me too guilty. If I want to binge, I know it is usually a sign that I am tired. (I often binge anyway). I prioritise activities that allow me to recover, such as sleep, yoga and pleasurable hobbies, rather than seeing them as dispensable.

My work and energy for advocacy are more sustainable, because I stopped fighting my body. I have the blessing and curse of being highly emotional. I take the tragedies of others and the injustices of the world to heart, so that I spend a lot of time alternately angry and heart broken (especially with our current government and the current world).  Yet at the same time, I know that I am one person, with limited power, and that institutions change at an agonisingly slow pace. Working with Doctors for Refugees, I found the passing of the Medivac bill, then the despicable efforts of the current government to render that bill ineffective, excruciating. Yet, I know I am unhelpful to refugees if I collapse in a heap. Rather, as Stephen Young, Illawarra Greens convenor, taught me: I should try to focus on the things I can control and change. At the same time, I need to celebrate the small victories: the fact the bill passed at all and that the tide of opinion is changing on boat arrivals. At the same time, my heartbreak was valid and shared with many and I should accept and acknowledge that, rather than actively suppressing it. I should take time for self care, so that I can recover from genuine distress, even if it means setting boundaries regarding watching distressing news coverage and logging into social media for a few hours.

These thought processes and behaviours aren’t easy or automatic. I am still working on myself and it is so easy to slip back into old habits of disregard for my own needs; my most recent example, accepting poor treatment from men, which is deleterious to my self esteem and happiness. Moreover, all of this is easier for me than for other doctors. I have essentially chosen a “research fellow” position, which is bludgy, compared to a clinical job, and involves no after hours shifts or on call. It is essentially a “paid” year off. This was a deliberate choice so I could prioritise myself and my happiness, instead of being subjugated to the tyranny of medical training. Frankly, I made this choice because I was on the verge of quitting altogether.

However, longevity is important for all of us, regardless of career and life goals. Moreover, there seems to be a culture of glorifying over committing and self sacrifice in medicine, as though we are not human. The older I become, the less I am sold to “delayed gratification”. As current and future surgical, O &G and anaesthetic trainees know, the path to accredited training positions is long, the training potentially longer and if delayed gratification continues till consultanthood, one risks losing too much of the rest of life (kids, families, hobbies, precious friends). Brooke lost a precious friend last year. One of our colleagues just lost a precious sister in frankly horrific circumstances. At nearly 32, I have seen far too many suicides and deaths to cancer in young friends and colleagues.

At the AMA doctors in training committee, we work to improve the system, whilst more cynical older advocates remind us that the health minister is happy to say nice things for the media, whilst avoiding substantive change (because effort and time) and the colleges and HETI need to be dragged along as dead weights for the smallest benefits. In these contexts, we working within this system need to look after ourselves and each other. We need to value ourselves, our loved ones and to resist being engulfed. This isn’t telling you to quit when the going gets tough. Rather, I see it as essential for longevity in a system that causes us ongoing “moral injury”. If you are in a position similar to Miko’s, following my advice is pretty much impossible and all you can do is hold on for dear life. In fact, I admire your courage and commitment to medicine, because I never had that in me. However, please look after yourself physically and spiritually in any way you can. Set boundaries. Listen to and respect your body. Don’t forget your loved ones. You work in a system that would replace you in a heart beat, but you are also more than your job. You and your wellbeing are important.

Calling for nuance and context in discussions of gender and mental health! Reviewing the discussion of gender on SBS insight, 20th of June. #morethanmeetstheeye #interveneforall

Thank you Jenny Brockie and the Insight team for a fantastic episode of Insight on Tuesday, 20th of June. It was an honest exploration of the struggle we face as medical students and junior doctors and I admire the participants for being brave enough to put their face on television. I could not do it! However, I have some comments to make on the turn towards gender, particularly towards the higher prevalence of burn out and mental illness in females. Dr Charlie Corke’s comments and the discussion that followed left me disconcerted. To be fair, the half hour time slot gave little time for context and nuance. My intensive care colleagues assure me that his comments were based on a recent survey of Intensive Care trainees focusing on bullying, harassment and discrimination and that, based on the data, his conclusions were reasonable. I don’t have access to this data. However, his article in MJA insight is indeed most excellent. Read it here (2). 

However, I still insist that a time limited discussion of the female gender bias in mental illness and burnout was not a useful direction for the discussion and was counterproductive. For those that missed it, an excerpt from the transcript is here:

JENNY BROCKIE:  Is there a difference in the experience for men and women do you think?  

CHARLIE:  Can I answer that?

JENNY BROCKIE: Yes, sure.   

CHARLIE:  I thought that burn out was something that happened to elderly doctors and made them, elderly male doctors and made them grumpy, but the evidence is that young girls are very vulnerable and they’re very vulnerable, we believe, because they’re so highly, have such high internal expectations of their, and drive themselves much harder and are disappointed by themselves.

JENNY BROCKIE:  Is this imperial Charlie or is this…

CHARLIE:  That’s from research that has been done.  The issue is for me that you know, I don’t have to tell them that they’re not doing very well. They are just absolutely fierce on themselves.

JENNY BROCKIE:  Reaction to that?  

CHARLIE:  The ability to be fair to yourself I think is a problem in young high achieving girls.

LIZZY:  I’ve certainly noticed that it’s, yeah, three women on the panel tonight.  I think we all have our strengths as well as our own self-awareness of our vulnerabilities. Having male colleagues as well I find that they’re much more able to say, you know what, I’m take a day off to go to the dentist or I’m take a day off to do this and they’re able to just kind of go too bad, I’m not going to work today or I need do this. Whereas myself and my other female colleagues do that sense of greater responsibility or I must stay on.

JENNY BROCKIE:  What do you think Arghya?   

ARGHYA:  Yeah, I think there’s definitely some gender bias, it is easier for a guy to take a day or just, you know, sort of get out on time and say okay I’m going now. I’ve found female colleagues do have to justify themselves a bit more.

I don’t contest the fact that women in medicine are more likely to suffer burn out and mental illness (as defined by the DSMV criteria). The Beyond Blue National Mental Health Survey of Doctors and Medical Students indicates that there is a gender disparity in rates of current psychological distress, mental health disorders (particularly anxiety and depression), thoughts of suicide and attempted suicide. However, rates of detection of mental illness and patterns of coping behaviours in medicine reflect similar patterns occurring in society as a whole, where men are more likely to suffer alcohol dependence and antisocial personality disorder and are less likely to seek help for distress. They are also less likely to attempt suicide, but are more likely to be successful (2,6). Any discussion of gender bias in mental illness should embrace all of these facts.

Moreover, efforts to prevent mental illness and suicide have to be generalized. Identified risk factors for suicide are neither sensitive nor specific enough to target prevention efforts. So, if we cannot make changes based on gender-bias in mental illness, how useful is it to point it out on national television? Discussing risk factors can be useful. For instance, we know junior doctors have higher rates of burn out and mental illness than our senior colleagues, so prevention efforts should be particularly targeted at stressful career transition points, earlier in one’s career. However, other than addressing female specific stressors, such as the unjustified career persecution women face for getting pregnant and taking maternity leave, why would we make a gender-targeted burn out and mental illness prevention program? Especially since the data from Beyond Blue suggests that men in medicine are much more susceptible to psychological distress and mental illness than the general population (2).

I also contest that these statistics shouldn’t be considered in isolation from the history of “madness” and “gender” (3,7). Our definitions of mental illness arose from a world where madness was a female malady. Symptoms of madness were defined by female distress. Moreover, feminist critics, including Jane Ussher, argue that centering madness on feminine traits was a method to delegitimise reasonable female distress in response to external factors- read: maybe burn out is a legitimate response to work stressors, not a problem with the high achieving females. In a systematic review by Afifi (2007), he suggests that socialisation influences our responses to stress, with men socialized to express anger and act out, where women express dysphoria (1). This is important for our interpretation of data. With definitions of mental illness skewed towards “female traits”, it is unsurprising that women are overrepresented in diagnoses of depression and anxiety, whilst men are more likely to suffer substance abuse. In 2013, a study by Martin et al showed that alternative depression scales that include masculine coping behaviors (anger attacks, irritability, aggression, substance abuse and risk taking behaviors) eliminated the discrepancy in rates of depression between genders (5).

Thus, Dr Charlie Corke was not wrong. Women are vulnerable to burn out. However, I urge you to consider ALL of the statistics, to consider how definitions of distress and mental illness influence the results of surveys and to consider the importance of historical and social context. Otherwise, we do our male and female colleagues a disservice.

Acknowledgements

Thank you Karen Druce for ensuring I don’t say anything completely ignorant and for adding your expertise.

References

  1. Afifi, M. (2007). Gender differences in mental health. Singapore Medical Journal. 48 (5): 385.
  2. Beyond Blue, National Mental Health Survey of Doctors and Medical Students. October 2013.
  3. Corke, Charlie. Have the Courage to Act on Burnout. MJA Insight, Feb 2017. https://www.doctorportal.com.au/mjainsight/2017/7/have-the-courage-to-act-on-burnout/
  4. Foucault, M. (1965). Madness and Civilization: A history of insanity in the age of reason. New York: Vintage Books.
  5. Martin, L.A. Neighbors, H.W. Griffith, D.M. The Experience of Symptoms of Depression in Men Vs Women: An Analysis of the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. JAMA Psychiatry. 2013;70(10):1100-1106. doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2013.1985; http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapsychiatry/fullarticle/1733742
  6. Men’s Health Forum: Statistics on mental health and Men. June 2016. https://www.menshealthforum.org.uk/key-data-mental-health
  7. SBS Insight: “Why are rates of mental illness so high among junior doctors and nurses?” http://www.sbs.com.au/news/insight/tvepisode/critical-care
  8. Ussher, Professor Jane. The madness of Women: Myth and Experience. Routledge, 2011. https://books.google.com.au/books?id=WSWpAgAAQBAJ&lpg=PA1&dq=Jane%20M.%20Ussher%3A%20The%20Madness%20of%20Women%3A%20Myth%20and%20Experience%202011&lr&pg=PA1#v=onepage&q=Jane%20M.%20Ussher:%20The%20Madness%20of%20Women:%20Myth%20and%20Experience%202011&f=false